解説はこちら→
出典: 近畿大学 2015年度（平成27年度）推薦入試（一般公募）11月23日実施分 Ⅶ
Ⅶ 次の英文を読み，あとの問いに答えよ。
You might think that the top of Mount Everest, the highest point in the world, would be one of the few places left on our planet that is free from human rubbish. You would be wrong. In fact, the mountain is covered with the debris* and litter left behind by the thousands of climbers who have reached the summit over the last 50 years.
Climbing Mount Everest is an arduous** task that requires a lot of equipment. Oxygen tanks, tents, sleeping bags and food and water supplies are all necessary for a successful ascent. Once climbers have reached the top, they no longer need as much equipment and there is little reason to carry heavy loads back down the mountain, so the temptation is to leave everything behind. In the days when climbing the mountain was a rare occurrence, this was not a problem. But now, with more than 40 people getting to the top on some days, the amount of litter has become unacceptable.
In 1988, climbers discovered a huge quantity of rubbish at the base camp. The piles of trash included Frisbees, baseball bats, and cans. A U.S. expedition from the previous year had left it behind. Incredibly, a group of only 16 people had generated over a ton of rubbish!
Recently, many well-known mountaineers have been complaining about the problem and Sir Edmund Hillary, the first man to climb Mount Everest, called for a five-year ban on climbing the summit. But thousands of local people rely on tourism, and the government of Nepal is keen to encourage visitors rather than put them off.
But now the government of Nepal, in the face of international criticism, has decided to take action. Each expedition that wants to climb the mountain has to pay a $4,000 deposit to the Nepalese authorities. The deposit is only refunded if the climbers bring their rubbish back down the mountain. Climbers are also encouraged to use metal containers rather than plastic or glass. These can be crushed once they are empty and then recycled by local businesses which turn them into knives and forks.
*debris 「がらくた」
**arduous 「困難な」
問1
問1 本文の第1段落の内容に合わないものを，ア〜エから一つ選べ。(38)
ア. Not all successful climbers of Mount Everest have taken their debris and litter back down with them.
イ. The debris and litter have accumulated on the top of Mount Everest for more than fifty years.
ウ. The top of Mount Everest is counted among the world’s cleanest places.
エ. The trash on the top of Mount Everest was left by the thousands of climbers.
問2
問2 本文の第2段落の内容に合わないものを，ア〜エから一つ選べ。(39)
ア. Climbers are tempted to leave their equipment behind once they reach the summit.
イ. Climbers do not need so much equipment, except for oxygen tanks and sleeping bags, for successful climbing.
ウ. In the days when people seldom got to the top of Mount Everest, the equipment they left behind was not so serious a problem.
エ. One of the reasons climbers do not like to bring their equipment back is that they no longer need it after reaching the summit.
問3
問3 本文の第3段落の内容に合うものとして最も適当なものを，ア~エから一つ選べ。(40)
ア. A U.S. expedition left nothing but some sporting goods behind at the base camp in 1987.
イ. A U.S. expedition which generated a ton of rubbish in 1987 consisted of less than 20 members.
ウ. In 1988, a U.S. expedition found over a ton of rubbish they had left behind at the base camp the previous year.
エ. Less than a ton of trash was left at the base camp by a U.S. expedition in 1987.
問4
問4 本文の第4段落の内容に合うものとして最も適当なものを，ア〜エから一つ選べ。(41)
ア. Edmund Hillary challenged the five-year prohibition on climbing Mount Everest.
イ. Few mountaineers have demonstrated their dissatisfaction with the trash problem these days.
ウ. If the government of Nepal refuses tourists, some local people will not have enough money to live on.
エ.The government of Nepal is unwilling to have so many tourists because local people are not involved in tourism.
問5
問5 下線部(42)の内容として最も適当なものを，ア〜エから一つ選べ。
ア. International criticism has forced the government of Nepal to do something about trash.
イ. The action taken by the government of Nepal has led to international criticism.
ウ.The decision made by the government of Nepal is to face international criticism, but they do not know what to do.
エ.The government of Nepal does not like the international criticism but takes no measures against it.
問6
問6 本文の第5段落の内容に合うものとして最も適当なものを，ア〜エから一つ選べ。(43)
ア. All the climbers that go down the mountain alive can get a refund from the Nepalese authorities.
イ. Climbers are recommended to use plastic or glass containers in place of metallic ones.
ウ. Every climber has a duty to pay $4,000 each to the Nepalese authorities before climbing the mountain.
エ. Using metal containers is recommended because they can be made into other things.
問7
問7 本文の内容と合うものを，ア~キから二つ選び，(44)と(45)に一つずつマークせよ。ただし，マークする記号(ア，イ，ウ，…)の順序は問わない。
ア. The summit of Mount Everest has been kept clean by the thousands of climbers these last 50 years.
イ. Climbers of Mount Everest need as much equipment going down as they do going up.
ウ. As more and more people climb Mount Everest these days, the equipment left behind at the top has become a big problem.
エ. In 1987, a U.S. expedition did not take any canned goods with them.
オ. Edmund Hillary suggested that climbing Mount Everest be prohibited forever.
カ. The government of Nepal is eager to welcome visitors because some local people make their living on tourism.
キ. The local authorities are supposed to give $4,000 back to every expedition that leaves its trash behind.